Deep research and expert guides on maintaining your visual health.
Introduction Glaucoma is a progressive eye disease that damages the optic nerve and leads to vision loss; it affects over 70 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of irreversible blindness (pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). A major risk factor is high intraocular pressure (IOP), but damage can occur even at normal pressure. Over time, scientists have noticed that oxidative stress (cell damage fro...
Dietary vitamins are organic nutrients your body needs in small amounts to grow, develop, and function properly. They are not a source of energy like carbohydrates or fats, but they act as helpers in chemical reactions, support the immune system, and keep tissues healthy. Vitamins are divided into water-soluble (like vitamin C and the B vitamins) and fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K), and this difference affects how your body stores and uses them. Water-soluble vitamins must be replaced more often because the body does not store them in large amounts, while fat-soluble vitamins can build up in tissues if taken in excess. You get most vitamins from a varied diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Sometimes people use supplements to fill gaps when their diet is limited or their needs are higher, but supplements are not a perfect substitute for nutritious food. Both too little and too much of certain vitamins can cause problems: deficiencies lead to specific health issues, while megadoses of fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic. Vitamins also interact with medications and other nutrients, so balancing intake matters for overall health. Public health guidelines give recommended daily amounts to help people meet their needs safely. Understanding dietary vitamins matters because they support energy production, bone and eye health, blood clotting, and the body’s ability to fight infection, and thinking about them as part of a whole diet helps you make smart choices about food and supplements.
