Complement inhibition

complement inhibition

The complement system is a set of proteins in the immune system that helps mark and remove pathogens and damaged cells. Complement inhibition means using drugs or other strategies to block parts of this protein cascade so it doesn’t overreact. In some diseases, including certain types of nerve and eye damage, the complement system becomes overactive and harms healthy cells. Blocking complement proteins can reduce inflammation, prevent formation of membrane pores that punch holes in cells, and stop immune signals that recruit destructive cells. Scientists target specific complement components so they lower harmful activity while preserving some normal defense functions. Complement inhibitors include antibodies, small molecules, and genetic approaches that are designed to be precise. These therapies can protect nerve cells from inflammation-driven death and slow disease progression in conditions where complement contributes to damage. However, reducing complement activity can raise the risk of infections and may interfere with the cleanup of debris, so safety and balance are key concerns. Researchers work to identify which patients will benefit most and how long to treat. Overall, complement inhibition is an emerging therapeutic idea aimed at calming a harmful immune reaction to protect vulnerable cells.