Selenium

selenium

Selenium is another trace mineral that the body needs in tiny amounts but that has important antioxidant and signaling roles. It is a key part of selenoproteins, including enzymes that help protect cells from damage by free radicals and that help manage thyroid hormones. Because of these functions, selenium supports the immune system, helps maintain healthy metabolism, and contributes to reproductive health. The amount of selenium in plant foods depends largely on the soil where they are grown, so levels in food can vary by region. Brazil nuts, seafood, organ meats, and some cereals are common sources. Not getting enough selenium can weaken antioxidant defenses, affect thyroid function, and in severe cases contribute to heart and muscle problems. On the other hand, too much selenium causes a condition called selenosis, with symptoms like hair loss, brittle nails, a garlic-like breath odor, and neurological issues. Because of this narrow safe range, many people meet their needs from a varied diet, and routine high-dose supplements are not recommended without a reason. Selenium matters because it helps protect cells, supports hormone balance, and plays a role in overall immune and metabolic health.