Headache

Headache

A headache is pain or discomfort felt anywhere in the head, scalp, or neck. It can range from a mild, dull ache to a sharp, throbbing, or intense pain. Headaches are usually grouped into broad types such as tension, migraine, and those caused by other medical conditions. Tension headaches often feel like a tight band around the head, while migraines may cause throbbing pain with sensitivity to light or sound and sometimes nausea. Some headaches start because of problems with the eyes, sinuses, neck, or blood vessels, and others are triggered by stress, lack of sleep, dehydration, or certain foods. Most headaches are temporary and can be relieved with rest, over-the-counter pain relievers, hydration, and simple lifestyle changes. However, sudden severe pain, a headache that follows a head injury, or a headache accompanied by fever, confusion, weakness, vision changes, or trouble speaking can be signs of a serious condition and need prompt medical attention. If headaches are frequent, getting worse, or interfering with daily life, a doctor can help find the cause and suggest treatments such as prescription medications, physical therapy, or preventive strategies. Keeping a headache diary to note triggers, timing, and symptoms can help identify patterns and guide treatment. Learning healthy habits like regular sleep, stress management, staying hydrated, and limiting alcohol and caffeine often reduces how often headaches occur.